| 1. |
Kwon HB,
Yeo ET,
Hahn SE,
Bae SC,
Kim DY,
Byun MO,
( 2003 ) Cloning and characterization of genes encoding trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS1) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPS2) from Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. PMID : 12748054 : DOI : 10.1016/S1567-1356(03)00035-7 Abstract >>
In many organisms, trehalose protects against several environmental stresses, such as heat, desiccation, and salt, probably by stabilizing protein structures and lipid membranes. Trehalose synthesis in yeast is mediated by a complex of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS1) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPS2). In this study, genes encoding TPS1 and TPS2 were isolated from Zygosaccharomyces rouxii (designated ZrTPS1 and ZrTPS2, respectively). They were functionally identified by their complementation of the tps1 and tps2 yeast deletion mutants, which are unable to grow on glucose medium and with heat, respectively. Full-length ZrTPS1 cDNA is composed of 1476 nucleotides encoding a protein of 492 amino acids with a molecular mass of 56 kDa. ZrTPS2 cDNA consists of 2843 nucleotides with an open reading frame of 2700 bp, which encodes a polypeptide of 900 amino acids with a molecular mass of 104 kDa. The amino acid sequence encoded by ZrTPS1 has relatively high homology with TPS1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, compared with TPS2. Western blot analysis showed that the antibody against S. cerevisiae TPS1 recognizes ZrTPS1. Under normal growth conditions, ZrTPS1 and ZrTPS2 were highly and constitutively expressed, unlike S. cerevisiae TPS1 and TPS2. Salt stress and heat stress reduced the expression of the ZrTPS1 and ZrTPS2 genes, respectively.
|
2. |
Kurtzman CP,
Robnett CJ,
( 2003 ) Phylogenetic relationships among yeasts of the 'Saccharomyces complex' determined from multigene sequence analyses. PMID : 12748053 : DOI : 10.1016/S1567-1356(03)00012-6 Abstract >>
Species of Saccharomyces, Arxiozyma, Eremothecium, Hanseniaspora (anamorph Kloeckera), Kazachstania, Kluyveromyces, Pachytichospora, Saccharomycodes, Tetrapisispora, Torulaspora, and Zygosaccharomyces, as well as three related anamorphic species assigned to Candida (C. castellii, C. glabrata, C. humilis), were phylogenetically analyzed from divergence in genes of the rDNA repeat (18S, 26S, ITS), single copy nuclear genes (translation elongation factor 1alpha, actin-1, RNA polymerase II) and mitochondrially encoded genes (small-subunit rDNA, cytochrome oxidase II). Single-gene phylogenies were congruent for well-supported terminal lineages but deeper branches were not well resolved. Analysis of combined gene sequences resolved the 75 species compared into 14 clades, many of which differ from currently circumscribed genera.
|
3. |
Sychrová H,
( 2001 ) Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the Zygosaccharomyces rouxiiLEU2 gene encoding a beta-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase. PMID : 11447605 : DOI : 10.1002/yea.750 Abstract >>
A DNA fragment carrying the LEU2 gene of osmotolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii was isolated. The sequenced DNA fragment (2630 bp) contained two ORFs; one of them (1086 bp long, predicting a protein of 362 amino acids) shared a high degree of similarity with LEU2 genes of other yeast species. The cloned DNA fragment fully complemented the leu2 mutations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Z. rouxii.
|
4. |
Nakayashiki T,
Ebihara K,
Bannai H,
Nakamura Y,
( 2001 ) Yeast [PSI+] "prions" that are crosstransmissible and susceptible beyond a species barrier through a quasi-prion state. PMID : 11430816 : Abstract >>
The yeast [PSI(+)] element represents an aggregated form of release factor Sup35p and is inherited by a prion mechanism. A "species barrier" prevents crosstransmission of the [PSI(+)] state between heterotypic Sup35p "prions." Kluyveromyces lactis and Yarrowia lipolytica Sup35 proteins, however, show interspecies [PSI(+)] transmissibility and susceptibility and a high spontaneous propagation rate. Cross-seeding was visualized by coaggregation of differential fluorescence probes fused to heterotypic Sup35 proteins. This coaggregation state, referred to as a "quasi-prion" state, can be stably maintained as a heritable [PSI(+)] element composed of heterologous Sup35 proteins. K. lactis Sup35p was capable of forming [PSI(+)] elements not only in S. cerevisiae but in K. lactis. These two Sup35 proteins contain unique multiple imperfect oligopeptide repeats responsible for crosstransmission and high spontaneous propagation of novel [PSI(+)] elements.
|
5. |
Iwaki T,
Kurono S,
Yokose Y,
Kubota K,
Tamai Y,
Watanabe Y,
( 2001 ) Cloning of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genes (ZrGPD1 and ZrGPD2) and glycerol dehydrogenase genes (ZrGCY1 and ZrGCY2) from the salt-tolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. PMID : 11378901 : DOI : 10.1002/yea.722 Abstract >>
The ZrGPD1 and ZrGPD2 genes encoding putative glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenases were isolated from the salt-tolerant yeast, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. Both genes are homologous to GPD1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and are constitutively expressed in Z. rouxii cells. Putative glycerol dehydrogenase genes, ZrGCY1 and ZrGCY2, which are highly homologous to GCY1 of S. cerevisiae, were also isolated. Since the level of transcripts of ZrGCY1 and ZrGCY2 increased in Z. rouxii cells subjected to salt stress, it is suggested that the pathway of the signal transduction of salt stress controls the expression of these genes. The Accession Nos of these sequences in GenBank are as follows: ZrGPD1, AB047394; ZrGPD2, AB047395; ZrGCY1, AB047396; ZrGCY2, AB047397.
|
6. |
Kinclová O,
Potier S,
Sychrová H,
( 2001 ) The Zygosaccharomyces rouxii strain CBS732 contains only one copy of the HOG1 and the SOD2 genes. PMID : 11403849 : Abstract >>
The osmotolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii CBS732 contains only one copy of the ZrHOG1 and ZrSOD2-22 genes. Both genes were cloned and sequenced (Acc. Nos. AJ132606 and AJ252273, respectively) and their sequences were compared to homologous pairs of genes from Z. rouxii ATCC42981 (genes Z-HOG1, Z-HOG2, Z-SOD2, Z-SOD22). The CBS732 ZrHog1p is shorter than its ATCC42981 counterparts (380 aa residues vs. 407 and 420 aa, respectively) and is more similar to ATCC42981 Z-Hog2p than to Z-Hog1p. Also its promoter region corresponds to that one of Z-HOG2. The CBS732 ZrHOG1 promoter region is recognised by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the gene product (MAP kinase ZrHog1p) presence fully complements the osmosensitivity of a S. cerevisiae hog1 mutant strain. The CBS ZrSOD2-22 gene is highly similar to ATCC42981 Z-SOD2 but it contains also a segment of 15 aa residues specific for Z-SOD22. Z. rouxii ZrSod2-22 Na(+)/H(+) antiporter expressed in S. cerevisiae shows better activity toward toxic Na(+) and Li(+) cations than does S. cerevisiae's own Nha1 antiporter, and is efficient in improving the halotolerance of some S. cerevisiae wild types.
|
7. |
Braun V,
Sychrova H,
( 2000 ) Sequence and organization analyses of a Zygosaccharomyces rouxii DNA fragment containing the HIS3 gene. PMID : 10806420 : DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(200005)16:7<581::AID-YEA545>3.0.CO;2-4 Abstract >>
The nucleotide sequence of a 3.4 kb fragment containing the HIS3 gene of the osmotolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii has been determined. The fragment was cloned from a Z. rouxii genomic DNA library by complementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae his3 mutant strain. The sequenced DNA fragment contained three open reading frames; the middle one (678 bp long, predicting a protein of 226 amino acids) shared a high degree of similarity with HIS3 genes of other yeast species. In the promoter region of the putative ZrHIS3 gene, a T(c) element required for constitutive transcription was found. The GenBank Accession No. of the sequenced DNA region is Y18561.
|
8. |
Costello CA,
Payson RA,
Menke MA,
Larson JL,
Brown KA,
Tanner JE,
Kaiser RE,
Hershberger CL,
Zmijewski MJ,
( 2000 ) Purification, characterization, cDNA cloning and expression of a novel ketoreductase from Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. PMID : 10951208 : DOI : 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01608.x Abstract >>
A novel ketoreductase isolated from Zygosaccharomyces rouxii catalyzes the asymmetric reduction of selected ketone substrates of commercial importance. The 37.8-kDa ketoreductase was purified more than 300-fold to > 95% homogeneity from whole cells with a 30% activity yield. The ketoreductase functions as a monomer with an apparent Km for 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl acetone of 2.9 mM and a Km for NADPH of 23.5 microM. The enzyme is able to effectively reduce alpha-ketolactones, alpha-ketolactams, and diketones. Inhibition is observed in the presence of diethyl pyrocarbonate, suggesting that a histidine is crucial for catalysis. The 1.0-kb ketoreductase gene was cloned and sequenced from a Z. rouxii cDNA library using a degenerate primer to the N-terminal sequence of the purified protein. Furthermore, it was expressed in both Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris and shown to be active. Substrate specificity, lack of a catalytic metal, and extent of protein sequence identity to known reductases suggests that the enzyme falls into the carbonyl reductase enzyme class.
|
9. |
Chien P,
Osherovich LZ,
Santoso A,
( 2000 ) Molecular basis of a yeast prion species barrier. PMID : 10660050 : DOI : 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81565-2 Abstract >>
The yeast [PSI+] factor is inherited by a prion mechanism involving self-propagating Sup35p aggregates. We find that Sup35p prion function is conserved among distantly related yeasts. As with mammalian prions, a species barrier inhibits prion induction between Sup35p from different yeast species. This barrier is faithfully reproduced in vitro where, remarkably, ongoing polymerization of one Sup35p species does not affect conversion of another. Chimeric analysis identifies a short domain sufficient to allow foreign Sup35p to cross this barrier. These observations argue that the species barrier results from specificity in the growing aggregate, mediated by a well-defined epitope on the amyloid surface and, together with our identification of a novel yeast prion domain, show that multiple prion-based heritable states can propagate independently within one cell.
|
10. |
Braun V,
Sychrova H,
( 1999 ) Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii ADE2 gene encoding a phosphoribosyl-aminoimidazole carboxylase. PMID : 10509021 : DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19990930)15:13<1399::AID-YEA464>3.0.CO;2-R Abstract >>
The nucleotide sequence of a 2.8 kb fragment containing the ADE2 gene of the osmotolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii has been determined. The gene was cloned from a Z. rouxii genomic DNA library by complementation of the Saccharomyces cerevisae ade2 mutant strain. The sequenced DNA fragment contains a 1710 bp open reading frame predicting a protein of 570 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence shares a high degree of homology with Ade2p homologues in five other yeast species.
|
11. |
Haw RA,
Spink KG,
Graham IR,
( 1999 ) In vivo analysis of functional regions within yeast Rap1p. PMID : 10523636 : DOI : 10.1128/mcb.19.11.7481 PMC : PMC84746 Abstract >>
We have analyzed the in vivo importance of different regions of Rap1p, a yeast transcriptional regulator and telomere binding protein. A yeast strain (SCR101) containing a regulatable RAP1 gene was used to test functional complementation by a range of Rap1p derivatives. These experiments demonstrated that the C terminus of the protein, containing the putative transcriptional activation domain and the regions involved in silencing and telomere function, is not absolutely essential for cell growth, a result confirmed by sporulation of a diploid strain containing a C terminal deletion derivative of RAP1. Northern analysis with cells that expressed Rap1p lacking the transcriptional activation domain revealed that this region is important for the expression of only a subset of Rap1p-activated genes. The one essential region within Rap1p is the DNA binding domain. We have investigated the possibility that this region has additional functions. It contains two Myb-like subdomains separated by a linker region. Individual point mutations in the linker region had no effect on Rap1p function, although deletion of the region abolished cell growth. The second Myb-like subdomain contains a large unstructured loop of unknown function. Domain swap experiments with combinations of elements from DNA binding domains of Rap1p homologues from different yeasts revealed that major changes can be made to the amino acid composition of this region without affecting Rap1p function.
|
12. |
Tamai Y,
Watanabe Y,
( 1999 ) Two putative MAP kinase genes, ZrHOG1 and ZrHOG2, cloned from the salt-tolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii are functionally homologous to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae HOG1 gene. PMID : 10206704 : DOI : 10.1099/13500872-145-1-241 Abstract >>
The salt-tolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii can adjust its osmotic balance when responding to osmotic shock by accumulating glycerol as the compatible osmolyte. However, the mechanism of glycerol production in Z. rouxii cells and its genetic regulation remain to be elucidated. Two putative mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase genes, ZrHOG1 and ZrHOG2, were cloned from Z. rouxii by their homology with HOG1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The deduced amino acid sequences of ZrHog1p and ZrHog2p indicated close homology to that of Hog1p and contained a TGY motif for phosphorylation by MAP kinase kinase. When ZrHOG1 or ZrHOG2 was expressed in an S. cerevisiae hog1delta null mutant, the salt tolerance and osmotic tolerance characteristics of wild-type S. cerevisiae were restored. In addition, the aberrant cell morphology and low glycerol content of the hog1delta null mutant were corrected, indicating that ZrHog1p and ZrHog2p have functions similar to Hog1p. While the transcription of the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (GPD1) of the ZrHOG1-harbouring S. cerevisiae mutant was similar to that of wild-type S. cerevisiae, the ZrHOG2-harbouring strain showed prolonged GPD1 transcription. Both Zrhog1delta and Zrhog2delta Z. rouxii null mutants showed a decrease in salt tolerance compared to the wild-type strain. The present study suggested the presence of a high-osmolarity glycerol response (HOG) pathway in Z. rouxii similar to that elucidated in S. cerevisiae. Two putative MAP kinase genes in Z. rouxii appeared to be significant in either osmotic regulation or ion homeostasis.
|
13. |
Pribylova L,
Straub ML,
Sychrova H,
de Montigny J,
( 2007 ) Characterisation of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii centromeres and construction of first Z. rouxii centromeric vectors. PMID : 17487563 : DOI : 10.1007/s10577-007-1136-z Abstract >>
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii is a hemiascomycetous yeast known for its high osmotolerance, the basis of which still remains unknown. By exploring the G?nolevures I database, four Z. rouxii fragments homologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae centromeres were identified. Two of them were subjected to further analysis. Their function as centromeres in Z. rouxii was proved, and they were localized to Z. rouxii chromosomes II and VII, respectively. The species-specificity of centromeres was observed; plasmids with a Z. rouxii centromere were not recognized as centromeric in S. cerevisiae, and a S. cerevisiae centromere did not function as a centromere in Z. rouxii. Constructed plasmids bearing Z. rouxii centromeres serve as the first specific centromeric plasmids, and thus contribute to the so-far limited set of genetic tools needed to study the Z. rouxii specific features.
|
14. |
Solieri L,
Cassanelli S,
Giudici P,
( 2007 ) A new putative Zygosaccharomyces yeast species isolated from traditional balsamic vinegar. PMID : 17366521 : DOI : 10.1002/yea.1471 Abstract >>
The taxonomic status and species number of the genus Zygosaccharomyces have rapidly changed in the last years. In this study, two new osmotolerant Zygosaccharomyces strains isolated from traditional balsamic vinegar, viz. ABT301 and ABT601, were investigated to elucidate their taxonomic relationships with Zygosaccharomyces rouxii species. A multi-gene sequence approach was employed, including regions of the rDNA repeat [5.8S, two internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and the 26S D1/D2 domain], COX2 mitochondrial gene and two nuclear genes (SOD2 and HIS3). Cloning and sequence analysis of 5.8S-ITS rDNA revealed that these strains bear an unusual polymorphism for this region. Three highly divergent 5.8S-ITS sequences were detected, one identical to Z. rouxii, the other two showing some relatedness to Z. mellis. Sequence and gene number polymorphism was also observed for the protein-encoding nuclear genes SOD2 and HIS3, as two copies for each gene different from those found in Z. rouxii were detected. Analysis of the D1/D2 26S domain showed that ABT301 and ABT601 have only one type of D1/D2 sequence statistically different from that of Z. rouxii. The findings obtained in this work suggest that the genomic background of strains ABT301 and ABT601 is different from the other Zygosaccharomyces species. We speculated that they could belong to a new putative species related to Z. rouxii.
|
15. |
Tang XM,
Kayingo G,
Prior BA,
( 2005 ) Functional analysis of the Zygosaccharomyces rouxii Fps1p homologue. PMID : 15942934 : DOI : 10.1002/yea.1232 Abstract >>
The osmotolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii accumulates the polyols glycerol and D-arabitol intracellularly in response to hyperosmotic stress, but the membrane transport proteins regulating polyol accumulation have not been studied. We have cloned and characterized a FPS1 homologue in Z. rouxii NRRL Y2547, and its sequence revealed a 2709 bp open reading frame encoding a peptide of 692 deduced amino acids with 56.9% identity to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fps1p. The role of this putative membrane channel protein in polyol accumulation and release during osmoregulation was investigated. The Z. rouxii FPS1 (ZrFPS1) complemented the S. cerevisiae fps1Delta growth defect and glycerol release upon hypo-osmotic shock. Deletion of ZrFPS1 did not affect growth on glycerol as sole carbon source, suggesting that other transport proteins are involved in the uptake of glycerol. However, mutants lacking ZrFPS1 exhibited a significant decrease in glycerol and D-arabitol efflux and poor growth during hypo-osmotic conditions, suggesting that ZrFPS1 might be involved in D-arabitol transport in addition to glycerol. This is the first demonstration of a yeast gene that affects D-arabitol transport. The full-length ZrFPS1 gene sequence including upstream promoter has been deposited in the public database under Accession No. AY488133.
|
16. |
James SA,
Bond CJ,
Stratford M,
Roberts IN,
( 2005 ) Molecular evidence for the existence of natural hybrids in the genus Zygosaccharomyces. PMID : 15851103 : DOI : 10.1016/j.femsyr.2005.02.004 Abstract >>
26S rDNA D1/D2 sequencing was used to characterise a number of food-associated Zygosaccharomyces rouxii strains held at the National Collection of Yeast Cultures. In the course of this study, four strains (NCYC 1682, NCYC 3042, NCYC 3060 and NCYC 3061) were identified which appeared, based on their D1/D2 sequences, to belong to a novel Zygosaccharomyces species. However, subsequent sequence analysis showed that NCYC 1682, NCYC 3060 and NCYC 3061 possess two highly divergent copies of the nuclear-encoded ADE2, HIS3 and SOD2 genes, indicating these three strains are in fact hybrids. NCYC 3042, however, does appear to represent a novel species which may be hypothesized to have crossed with Z. rouxii and given rise to hybrid strains. Additional approaches to define precise taxonomic status and mechanisms of hybrid genome formation amongst yeast species are discussed.
|
17. |
Watanabe Y,
Hirasaki M,
Tohnai N,
Yagi K,
Abe S,
Tamai Y,
( 2003 ) Salt shock enhances the expression of ZrATP2, the gene for the mitochondrial ATPase beta subunit of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. PMID : 16233508 : Abstract >>
In the course of a study of cell wall proteins from the salt-tolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, a protein that increased its expression as the NaCl concentration of the culture medium increased was identified. Several degenerate primers were constructed based on partial amino acid sequences of this protein and were used in PCR amplification of a gene termed ZrATP2. The amino acid sequence deduced from nucleotide sequence of the gene revealed that ZrATP2 encodes the beta subunit of mitochondrial F1 ATPase. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that NaCl shock induced an elevation in ZrATP2 expression, which corresponded with the resumption of Z. rouxii cell growth after salt shock.
|
18. |
Neves L,
Oliveira R,
Lucas C,
( 2004 ) Yeast orthologues associated with glycerol transport and metabolism. PMID : 15381122 : DOI : 10.1016/j.femsyr.2004.06.012 Abstract >>
Glycerol is a key compound in the regulation of several metabolic pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. From this yeast most of the genes involved in glycerol consumption, production and transport are now available. Some of the mechanisms involving glycerol metabolism and transport are common to other yeasts. This work presents a search for GPD1/2, GUT1, GUP1/2 and FPS1 orthologues in a series of hemiascomycetous yeasts. All the genes cloned were able to complement S. cerevisiae mutant phenotypes and presented a high degree of similarity to the corresponding genes in this yeast. A phylogenetic analysis is presented. The allocation of GUP genes in the membrane bound O-acyl transferases (MBOAT) family is suggested as more consistent than their inclusion in the TC-DB/glycerol uptake family.
|
19. |
Butler G,
Kenny C,
Fagan A,
Kurischko C,
Gaillardin C,
Wolfe KH,
( 2004 ) Evolution of the MAT locus and its Ho endonuclease in yeast species. PMID : 14745027 : DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0304170101 PMC : PMC341799 Abstract >>
The genetics of the mating-type (MAT) locus have been studied extensively in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but relatively little is known about how this complex system evolved. We compared the organization of MAT and mating-type-like (MTL) loci in nine species spanning the hemiascomycete phylogenetic tree. We inferred that the system evolved in a two-step process in which silent HMR/HML cassettes appeared, followed by acquisition of the Ho endonuclease from a mobile genetic element. Ho-mediated switching between an active MAT locus and silent cassettes exists only in the Saccharomyces sensu stricto group and their closest relatives: Candida glabrata, Kluyveromyces delphensis, and Saccharomyces castellii. We identified C. glabrata MTL1 as the ortholog of the MAT locus of K. delphensis and show that switching between C. glabrata MTL1a and MTL1alpha genotypes occurs in vivo. The more distantly related species Kluyveromyces lactis has silent cassettes but switches mating type without the aid of Ho endonuclease. Very distantly related species such as Candida albicans and Yarrowia lipolytica do not have silent cassettes. In Pichia angusta, a homothallic species, we found MATalpha2, MATalpha1, and MATa1 genes adjacent to each other on the same chromosome. Although some continuity in the chromosomal location of the MAT locus can be traced throughout hemiascomycete evolution and even to Neurospora, the gene content of the locus has changed with the loss of an HMG domain gene (MATa2) from the MATa idiomorph shortly after HO was recruited.
|
20. |
Gordon JL,
Wolfe KH,
( 2008 ) Recent allopolyploid origin of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii strain ATCC 42981. PMID : 18509846 : DOI : 10.1002/yea.1598 Abstract >>
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii strain ATCC 42981 has been reported to have two copies of several genes including HOG1 and SOD2, whereas the type strain of Z. rouxii (CBS 732) has only one. To investigate the structure of the ATCC 42981 genome we sequenced random fragments from this genome and compared the data to the type strain. We found that ATCC 42981 contains two versions of the ribosomal RNA array, one of which is identical in the ITS1-ITS2 and 26S D1/D2 regions to Z. rouxii CBS 732, while the other is almost identical to a species provisionally named Z. pseudorouxii. We found that most genomic regions from Z. rouxii CBS 732 map in a one-to-two fashion to pairs of regions in ATCC 42981, with one of the ATCC 42981 regions having 97-100% DNA sequence identity to CBS 732 and the other having about 80-90% identity. Complete sequencing of regions containing 30 pairs of genes from ATCC 42981 and their orthologues in CBS 732 showed no evidence of the gene deletions or pseudogene formation that might be expected if ATCC 42981 had undergone whole-genome duplication several million years ago and was in the early stages of gene loss. Instead, we conclude that ATCC 42981 is a Z. rouxii-Z. pseudorouxii interspecies hybrid that was formed so recently that its genome has not had time to decay.
|
21. |
Watanabe Y,
Shiramizu M,
Tamai Y,
( 1991 ) Molecular cloning and sequencing of plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase gene from the salt-tolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. PMID : 1837019 : DOI : 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a123563 Abstract >>
A plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase gene from the salt-tolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii was isolated by probing the genomic DNA library with a labeled DNA fragment derived from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae H(+)-ATPase gene (PMA1) and the nucleotide sequence of a cloned gene was determined. The gene encoded a polypeptide of molecular weight 100,060 that consisted of 920 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence was 83% homologous to that of S. cerevisiae H(+)-ATPase and was highly similar to the conserved sequences in the plasma membrane ATPase family comprising yeast plasma membrane H(+)-ATPases. The peptide motifs involved in the ATPase functions were found in the Z. rouxii H(+)-ATPase sequence. The result of Northern analysis indicated that the size of the transcript of the Z. rouxii H(+)-ATPase gene was the same as that of S. cerevisiae PMA1.
|
22. |
Bizzarri M,
Giudici P,
Cassanelli S,
Solieri L,
( 2016 ) Chimeric Sex-Determining Chromosomal Regions and Dysregulation of Cell-Type Identity in a Sterile Zygosaccharomyces Allodiploid Yeast. PMID : 27065237 : DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0152558 PMC : PMC4827841 Abstract >>
Allodiploidization is a fundamental yet evolutionarily poorly characterized event, which impacts genome evolution and heredity, controlling organismal development and polyploid cell-types. In this study, we investigated the sex determination system in the allodiploid and sterile ATCC 42981 yeast, a member of the Zygosaccharomyces rouxii species complex, and used it to study how a chimeric mating-type gene repertoire contributes to hybrid reproductive isolation. We found that ATCC 42981 has 7 MAT-like (MTL) loci, 3 of which encode �\-idiomorph and 4 encode a-idiomorph. Two phylogenetically divergent MAT expression loci were identified on different chromosomes, accounting for a hybrid a/�\ genotype. Furthermore, extra a-idimorph-encoding loci (termed MTLa copies 1 to 3) were recognized, which shared the same MATa1 ORFs but diverged for MATa2 genes. Each MAT expression locus was linked to a HML silent cassette, while the corresponding HMR loci were located on another chromosome. Two putative parental sex chromosome pairs contributed to this unusual genomic architecture: one came from an as-yet-undescribed taxon, which has the NCYC 3042 strain as a unique representative, while the other did not match any MAT-HML and HMR organizations previously described in Z. rouxii species. This chimeric rearrangement produces two copies of the HO gene, which encode for putatively functional endonucleases essential for mating-type switching. Although both a and �\ coding sequences, which are required to obtain a functional cell-type a1-�\2 regulator, were present in the allodiploid ATCC 42981 genome, the transcriptional circuit, which regulates entry into meiosis in response to meiosis-inducing salt stress, appeared to be turned off. Furthermore, haploid and �\-specific genes, such as MAT�\1 and HO, were observed to be actively transcribed and up-regulated under hypersaline stress. Overall, these evidences demonstrate that ATCC 42981 is unable to repress haploid �\-specific genes and to activate meiosis in response to stress. We argue that sequence divergence within the chimeric a1-�\2 heterodimer could be involved in the generation of negative epistasis, contributing to the allodiploid sterility and the dysregulation of cell identity.
|
23. |
Cabral S,
Prista C,
Loureiro-Dias MC,
Leandro MJ,
( 2015 ) Occurrence of FFZ genes in yeasts and correlation with fructophilic behaviour. PMID : 26253443 : DOI : 10.1099/mic.0.000154 Abstract >>
Fructophily has been described in yeasts as the ability to utilize fructose preferentially when fructose and glucose are available in the environment. In Zygosaccharomyces bailii and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, fructophilic behaviour has been associated with the presence of a particular type of high-capacity and low-affinity fructose transporters designated Ffz. In this study, a PCR screening was performed in several yeasts using degenerate primers suitable to detect FFZ-like genes. In parallel, fructophilic character was evaluated in the same strains by comparing the relative consumption rate of fructose and glucose. For all the strains in which FFZ-like genes were detected, fructophilic behaviour was observed (25 strains). Results show that FFZ genes are ubiquitous in the Zygosaccharomyces and Starmerella clades. Strains of Lachancea fermentati, Torulaspora microellipsoides and Zygotorulaspora florentina were not fructophilic and did not harbour FFZ genes. It is of note that these new species were recently removed by taxonomists from the Zygosaccharomyces clade, supporting the view that the presence of FFZ-like genes is a main characteristic of Zygosaccharomyces. Among the strains tested, only Hanseniaspora guilliermondii NCYC2380 was an exception, having a preference for fructose in medium with high sugar concentrations, despite no FFZ-like genes being detected in the screening. Furthermore, this study supports the previous idea of the emergence of a new family of hexose transporters (Ffz facilitators) distinct from the Sugar Porter family.
|
24. |
Watanabe Y,
Miwa S,
Tamai Y,
( 1995 ) Characterization of Na+/H(+)-antiporter gene closely related to the salt-tolerance of yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. PMID : 7483847 : DOI : 10.1002/yea.320110905 Abstract >>
In order to clarify the relationship between salt-tolerance of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and the function of Na+/H(+)-antiporter, a gene was isolated from Z. rouxii which exhibited homology to the Na+/H(+)-antiporter gene (sod2) from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. This newly isolated gene (Z-SOD2) encoded a product of 791 amino acids, which was larger than the product encoded by its Sz. pombe homologue. The predicted amino-acid sequence of Z-Sod2p was highly homologous to that of the Sz. pombe protein, but included an extra-hydrophilic stretch in the C-terminal region. The expression of Z-SOD2 was constitutive and independent of NaCl-shock. Z-SOD2-disruptants of Z. rouxii did not grow in media supplemented with 3 M-NaCl, but grew well in the presence of 50% sorbitol, indicating that the function of Z-SOD2 was closely related to the salt-tolerance of Z. rouxii. Several genes are also compared and discussed in relation to the salt-tolerance of Z. rouxii.
|
25. |
Araki H,
Jearnpipatkul A,
Tatsumi H,
Sakurai T,
Ushio K,
Muta T,
Oshima Y,
( 1985 ) Molecular and functional organization of yeast plasmid pSR1. PMID : 3889347 : DOI : 10.1016/0022-2836(85)90338-9 Abstract >>
The nucleotide sequence of a 6251 base-pair plasmid, pSR1, harbored in an osmophilic haploid yeast, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii (formerly Saccharomyces rouxii), was determined. No homology was detected between the sequences of pSR1 and 2-micron DNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. pSR1 has a pair of inverted repeats consisting of completely homologous 959 base-pair sequences, which separate two unique sequences 2654 base-pairs and 1679 base-pairs long. Each inverted repeat has an ARS sequence functional in both Z. rouxii and S. cerevisiae hosts. Short direct repeats or dyad symmetries were observed in the inverted repeats similar to those found close to the replication origin of 2-micron DNA. Three open reading frames, P, S and R, each able to encode a protein of molecular weight larger than 10,000, were found. Insertional inactivation of R gave rise to a defect in the intramolecular recombination at the inverted repeats, and that of S reduced the copy number of pSR1 in the S. cerevisiae host. The maintenance stability of the plasmid was also tested in the heterogeneous S. cerevisiae host, but the results of the insertional inactivation of P, S and R were ambiguous. pSR1 and 2-micron DNA were compatible in S. cerevisiae cells, but the protein factors encoded by these plasmids did not complement each other.
|
26. |
( 2013 ) Relationships among genera of the Saccharomycotina (Ascomycota) from multigene phylogenetic analysis of type species. PMID : 22978764 : DOI : 10.1111/1567-1364.12006 Abstract >>
Relationships among ascomycetous yeast genera (subphylum Saccharomycotina, phylum Ascomycota) have been uncertain. In the present study, type species of 70 currently recognized genera are compared from divergence in the nearly entire nuclear gene sequences for large subunit rRNA, small subunit (SSU) rRNA, translation elongation factor-1�\, and RNA polymerase II, subunits 1 (RPB1) and 2 (RPB2). The analysis substantiates earlier proposals that all known ascomycetous yeast genera now assigned to the Saccharomycotina represent a single clade. Maximum likelihood analysis resolved the taxa into eight large multigenus clades and four-one- and two-genus clades. Maximum parsimony and neighbor-joining analyses gave similar results. Genera of the family Saccharomycetaceae remain as one large clade as previously demonstrated, to which the genus Cyniclomyces is now assigned. Pichia, Saturnispora, Kregervanrija, Dekkera, Ogataea and Ambrosiozyma are members of a single large clade, which is separate from the clade that includes Barnettozyma, Cyberlindnera, Phaffomyces, Starmera and Wickerhamomyces. Other clades include Kodamaea, Metschnikowia, Debaryomyces, Cephaloascus and related genera, which are separate from the clade that includes Zygoascus, Trichomonascus, Yarrowia and others. This study once again demonstrates that there is limited congruence between a system of classification based on phenotype and a system determined from DNA sequences.
|
27. |
( 2013 ) Unravelling genomic diversity of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii complex with a link to its life cycle. PMID : 23279556 : DOI : 10.1111/1567-1364.12027 Abstract >>
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and the related species Zygosaccharomyces sapae (hereafter referred to as Z. rouxii complex) are protoploid hemiascomycete yeasts relevant in the elaboration and spoilage of foodstuff. Divergence of Z. rouxii complex before whole genome duplication, leading to the genus Saccharomyces, makes these yeasts very attractive for genome evolution study. Relatively little is known, however, about the diversity in this branch at the genetic and physiological levels. In this work, we investigated Z. rouxii complex, encompassing strains that in other works have been studied separately and comparing them in a comprehensive way. We showed that the majority of strains are unusually heterogeneous in their ribosomal DNA, a signal of relaxation of concerted evolution. Further analysis showed that they have hypervariable karyotypes, different levels of ploidy, and that housekeeping markers vary both in copy number and sequence. Overall, the results provide compelling evidence that the strains considered in this study are a complex of haploid, aneuploid and diploid mosaic lineages. The reproductive mode and life cycle of Zygosaccharomyces could lead to this unsuspected diversity.
|
28. |
( 1998 ) Characterization of a second gene (ZSOD22) of Na+/H+ antiporter from salt-tolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and functional expression of ZSOD2 and ZSOD22 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PMID : 9791888 : DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19980930)14:13<1167::AID-YEA318>3.0.CO;2-5 Abstract >>
We reported in our previous paper on the characterization of the Na+/H(+)-antiporter gene (ZSOD2) closely related to the salt-tolerance of yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. In the present paper, we have cloned a second gene (ZSOD22) of Na+/H+ antiporter from Z. rouxii. The deduced amino acid sequence of Zsod22p was highly homologous to that of Zsod2p, Sod2p from Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and Nhalp from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The open reading frames (ORFs) from ZSOD2 or ZSOD22 were inserted into a yeast expression vector pYES2, and their constructs (pZSOD2 and pZSOD22) were used to transform the salt-sensitive S. cerevisiae. pZSOD2- or pZSOD22-harboring-recombinant S. cerevisiae cells showed increases in salt tolerance. However, the Z. rouxii disruptant of ZSOD22 did not show any phenotypes related to salt tolerance or osmotolerance, unlike that of ZSOD2. The transcriptional expression of ZSOD22 was not observed by Northern blot analysis even in Z. rouxii cells subjected to NaCl-shock. From these results we conclude that although Z. rouxii includes at least two copies of the Na+/H(+)-antiporter gene (ZSOD2 and ZSOD22), ZSOD2 encodes a functional product as an antiporter and ZSOD22 is poorly transcribed, if at all.
|
331, Shih-Pin Rd., Hsinchu 30062, Taiwan
Phone: +886-3-5223191
E-mail: bcrcweb@firdi.org.tw
web maintainance: +886-3-5223191 ext 593
Copyright © 2018.BCRC All rights reserved.The duplication or use of information and data such as texts or images or any linkage the website at the "bcrc.firdi.org.tw" is only permitted with the indication of the source or with prior approval by the BCRC(Bioresource Collection and Research Center).